1.
Using a table, compare and contrast (i.e. similarities and difference)
i) Non-Adaptive Robots with ii) Adaptive Robots. Ensure you give some examples
and include pictures of each.
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Non – Adaptive Robots
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Adaptive Robots
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A non-adaptive robot is one that will
follow the instructions it is given despite changes in the environment. It
will only stop until it is shut down by a human operator.
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An adaptive robot is a robot that is
capable of making decisions based on feedback from the environment, forming
the basics for reasoning and intelligent reactions. The input received by a
closed-loop system can produce a range of outputs, which depends on
additional feedback from the environment. They are also called closed-loop
systems, as they use output from their systems to control the behaviour of
their systems.
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Non-adaptive robots are also known as
open-loop systems, as they don't receive feedback from the environment and is
hence incapable of making decisions and altering the output
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An adaptive robot will need to sore a
knowledge base of all the available outputs. Its sensors provide the robot
with feedback on the changes in the environment. This will alter the
processing carried to the robot and its behaviour so that it can adapt to the
changes.
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Non-adaptive robots are commonly used in
the industry for many tasks, including welding, placing steel into a furnace
and drilling a hole. They may be reprogrammable and may alter their tasks by
accepting new instructions. This is, however, only possible when the robot is
equipped to perform the new task.
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An example is the ADAPTIVE ROBOT GRIPPER-
3 finger; the programmable and mechanically intelligent robotic hand enables
you to manipulate a wide variety of objects.
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Adaptive Robot
Non-adaptive Robot
2. Again, using a table, compare and
contrast Industrial Robots with Domestic Robots. Once again, ensure you include
examples and pictures.
Domestic Robot
Industrial Robots
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Domestic Robots
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An industrial robot is primarily designed
to be used in goods manufacturing and is less flexible in terms of number
of tasks that can be made without
reprogramming. A big advantage of an
industrial robot compared with a domestic robot is the accuracy, which
in this case is at an extremely high level due to manufacturing requirements,
often in the area of millimeters or fractions of millimeters.
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These robots are designed to serve
certain requirements established by humans. Such robot could not meet
the demands if it would not be able
to adapt to changes that occur in the environment, it would not be able to
accomplish the task if it would not have a real-time feedback of changes.
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To be useful, an industrial robot needs a
means of carrying out its instructions. Such a means is known as an end
effector. An end effector is a mechanical device on the end of a robot arm
used to do some useful work.
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This type of robots are used in
general for common tasks at home or
outside homes, for caring of people of different ages, or robots used during
free time as hobby or entertainment.
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Common industrial robot applications are molding,
picking, packaging, painting, spot welding, coating, arc welding, etc.
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Examples of domestic robots are the
Talon- military, da Vinci- medical, Kiva System’s- logistics, etc.
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Domestic Robot
Industrial Robot
3. Provide a detailed overview of one
industrial robot.
The term SCARA is an acronym that stands
for Selective Compliant Assembly Robot Arm. Adept's high speed SCARA robot innovations
have lead the industry for over twenty-five years. The SCARA robot is based on a 4-axis design.
It is ideal for high-speed assembly, kitting, packaging, and other
material-handling applications. The design of SCARA robots is similar to a
human arm, since they have an articulated arm which can only swing
horizontally. Usually, they have four freely programmable axes allowing
handling in plane-parallel surfaces. The shaft serves to install tools and can
rotate independently from its vertical motion to freely orientate the product
within the work envelope.
Epson SCARA robots prove their strong performance and unparalleled reliability in diverse applications, such as loading and unloading machines, assembling and equipping, packaging and palletising, testing, measuring and checking
Advantages of using this machine include:-
- Outstanding joining properties
- Self-supporting design allows direct teaching
- High availability
- Particularly low-maintenance
- High point accuracy
- Low vibration
4. Define Nanotechnology and Nanorobots.
Check out the video below for an intro to Nanotechnology (note: it goes for 15
minutes)
Nanotechnology is a branch of engineering
that deals with the design and manufacture of extremely small electronic
circuits and mechanical devices built at the molecular level of matter, and can
be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology,
physics and materials science. A Nano robot is a tiny machine designed to
perform a specific task or tasks repeatedly and with precision at Nano scale
dimensions.
5. Do you think there is a place for
Nanorobots? Please justify your answer with clear examples. The following video
may give you some additional information.
I firmly believe there is a place for nanotechnology and nanorobots, due to its increasing prevalence in todays society and clear advantages in manufacturing, energy saving, electronics and medicine.
I firmly believe there is a place for nanotechnology and nanorobots, due to its increasing prevalence in todays society and clear advantages in manufacturing, energy saving, electronics and medicine.
Nanotechnology is already
making new materials available that could revolutionise many areas of
manufacturing. For example, nanotubes and nano particles, which are tubes and
particles only a few atoms across, and aerogels, materials composed of very
light and strong materials with remarkable insulating properties, could pave
the way for new techniques and superior products. In addition, robots that are
only a few nanometers in length, called nanobots, and nanofactories could help
construct novel materials and objects.
Nanotechnology may
transform the ways in which we obtain and use energy. In particular, it's
likely that nanotechnology will make solar power more economical by reducing
the cost of constructing solar panels and related equipment. Energy storage
devices will become more efficient as a result. Nanotechnology will also open
up new methods of generating and storing energy.
The field of electronics
is set to be revolutionised by nanotechnology. Quantum dots, for example, are
tiny light-producing cells that could be used for illumination or for purposes
such as display screens. Silicon chips can already contain millions of
components, but the technology is reaching its limit; at a certain point,
circuits become so small that if a molecule is out of place the circuit won't work
properly. Nanotechnology will allow circuits to be constructed very accurately
on an atomic level.
Nanotechnology has the
potential to bring major advances in medicine. Nanobots could be sent into a
patient's arteries to clear away blockages. Surgeries could become much faster
and more accurate. Injuries could be repaired cell-by-cell. It may even become
possible to heal genetic conditions by fixing the damaged genes. Nanotechnology
could also be used to refine drug production, tailoring drugs at a molecular
level to make them more effective and reduce side effects.
6. If you could have a domestic robot
built, what would it be and why. Ensure you justify your answer and provide an
overview of the features this robot would have.
If I were to create a
domestic robot, I would make a general house-cleaning robot called ‘The
Cleanerfier 3000’. The reason for the creation of this robot is to ensure
that none of my precious time is wasted
and I can fully concentrate on my other invaluable inventions. The purpose of
this robot is to conduct general cleaning around the house including cooking,
washing, drying and sanitising.
Features of this robot
include:
-Head: Equipped with a satellite beacon in order to
receive any messages from my phone or to pick up my voice through voice
command. The Cleanerfier is also equipped with a gas mask in order to work in
even the foulest conditions!
-Arms: One arm is
modified so that it can pick up and carry objects, as well as fingers which can
write or draw. The other arm is solely a plunger for cleaning purposes.
- Chest: Fitted on the
chest is an adjustable fan in order to not only keep the system clean and cool,
but also to cool its owner down as well!
-Legs: The robot is
fitted with two sets of tank-like wheels that make it easy to glide
effortlessly across any terrain; especially helpful in a messy bedroom…
-Extras: It is also
fitted with a re-usable gas canister and lighter in order to cook meals as well
as start a warming fire.
7. Based on your design above, see if you
can create a replica of your robot by using an online robot design tool (I have
included two below, i) Walkinator & ii) Robot 3). Once you have created a
robot, ensure you include a print screen of it below, or if it can be animated,
then include a giff file, or even use screen-o-matic to record the animation
and place it below.
Walkinator
Build a Robot 3
Virtual Robotic Lab
Link to create a Walkinator
Example of Build a Robot 3
8. For a bit of fun, have a go of the
following
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